This is NOT the notification history, but additional information provided by the application and as such, there's no guarantee that the notification was logged. Review the log and look for the notification you were interested in.

for Windows Defender you might go to: Microsoft -> Windows -> Windows Defender -> Operational log. Drill down to the app or service you are interested in, e.g.

Update: It appears that some applications will additionally add events into the event viewer. If you are worried that the notification has system-wide consequences it could be worth looking into the System logs instead here separate messages about system events are stored. This is done on purpose as that history could (and most likely would) become very large. No history is maintained of these notifications and cannot be retrieved. Once one of these interactions takes place, the notification and therefore the action is no longer displayed.

Select the notification (respond to the action).

Dismiss the notification (clears the action).

There are two ways a user can interact with an action: These actions (notifications) are meant to be displayed to the user until they take action.

The action center is the same as found on the Microsoft Phones running Windows 10 Mobile.

Action center on windows 10